Personal Goals Influencing Marriage In The Return Of The Native Essays

Individual Goals Influencing Marriage In The Return Of The Native Individual Goals Influencing Marriage in the Return of the Native At the point when one considers marriage, pictures of satisfaction, reliability, and unrestricted love ring a bell. Relationships are not for permitting two sweethearts to achieve individual objectives, yet rather for dedicated allies to live the remainder of their coexistences. In The Return of the Native, Thomas Hardy presents the peruser with two sets of darlings that wed to achieve individual objectives, not due to a common love and a craving to get a long lasting perfect partner. Solid uncovers the genuine thought processes administering the members in the books marriage unions: Eustacia, Clym, Thomasin, and Wildeve wed to complete their individual designs for the future, instead of for affection for each other. Eustacia Vye is a lethargic, self-consumed, crafty diva whose craving to wed Clym Yeobright depends on her vision of a lavish life in Paris with her valued spouse. The news Clym is from Paris that creates Eustacia's vision of grandeur and marvelousness. She gets so beguiled by her vision of what Clym Yeobright is, that before she even meets him, she has a fantasy of the two moving the night away. There is additional proof of Eustacia's interest with Parisian life. When Eustacia and Clym meet while attempting to bring the water container from the well, there is notice of the lanes of Paris, and this arouses Eustacia's curiosity. Clym perceives her enthusiasm for the city by saying, I recollect when I had a similar aching for town clamor. Five years of an incredible city would be an ideal solution for that. (Page 191). Eustacia reacts, Heavens send me such a fix! (Page 191). At long last, when the affection among Eustacia and Clym blooms, Clym proposes to Eustacia, and Eustacia's reaction is, I should think. At present talk about Paris to me. Is there wherever like it on Earth? (Page 201). A puzzled Clym answers It is lovely. However, will you be mine?. Eustacia then asks significantly more inquiries about Paris, for example, Now let me know of the Tuileries, and the Louver. (Page201). Baffled with the absence of a strong answer from Eustacia, Clym cries I loathe discussing Paris!, however this doesn't stop Eustacia's consistent progression of inquiries concernin g the city. This is unquestionably not the normal reaction to a proposition of marriage, and further confirmations that Eustacia is increasingly keen on a potential life in Paris than the affection for Clym Yeobright. Clym Yeobright additionally is keen on union with assistance carryout his very own objectives throughout everyday life. Prior to the two meet eye to eye, without the mummer outfit, Clym is acquainted with Eustacia by Sam the turf-shaper. Sam reports to Clym that Eustacia is an attractive young lady (Page 183) and that Clym should look at her. Clym's first reaction to this is, Do you figure she might want to educate kids? (Page 183). This short entry shows that whenever gave the chance to wed, Clym first ponders the likelihood that she would help him in his craving to run a school. As the connection between the two advances, Clym converses with his mom about his plan to wed Eustacia. Normally, Mrs. Yeobright objects. The principal expressions of guard to come out of Clym's mouth are, She is magnificently instructed, and would make a decent lady in a boarding school...I can set up a decent private school...by the help of a spouse like her.(Page 196-197) This is proof that Clym is think ing about the potential employments of Eustacia helping him run a school for the Heath people. A last piece of proof that Clym isn't going into the marriage for adoration is introduced, Yeobright started to see what a waterway he was in. Once in a while he wanted that he had never known Eustacia...antagonistic developments must be kept alive...Eustacia's bliss. (Page 204-205) This pitiful entry calls attention to that Clym lamented his rushed proposition of Eustacia and is presently living with the results. He wouldn't like to tolerate the disrespect of surrendering Eustacia and the hatred of his mom, so he chooses to carry on the planed marriage and live

Assisted Suicide - Ramon Sampedro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Helped Suicide - Ramon Sampedro - Essay Example He hopped into the ocean and struck his head on the base of the ocean, making him deadened. Ramona Maneiro was engaged with the last advance of the procedure of helped self destruction that prompted the passing of Ramon Sampedro. It is clear that Maneiro had a job and moral option to encourage Sampedro’s helped self destruction. In as much as the idea of helped self destruction presents a few difficulties, it is vital to recognize the significance of holding fast to the requirements of the people in question while clinging to the precepts of the law. Maneiro acted dependent on affection by consenting to partake in helped self destruction. She noted 7 years after the fact that she acted dependent on affection. Maneiro had a relationship with Sampedro that went on for a long time. In the wake of carrying on with a confined to bed life, Sampedro started battling for his entitlement to take his life. The main individual who could comprehend his circumstance and difficulties was Ma neiro. It is basic to take note of that Sampedro couldn't end it without anyone else in view of his quadriplegic condition (Manning 21). Maneiro acted by following the utilitarian and Kantianism standards. The standards of utilitarianism direct that human activities should prompt bliss (Manning 41). By helping Sampedro in ending it all, Maneiro was achieving her commitments of guaranteeing that her kindred human was assuaged of torment and enduring that he was encountering. For a long time, Sampedro carried on with an existence of enduring after his loss of motion. He needed to rely upon others for fundamental human exercises and needs. He carried on with a confined to bed life tormented with an intensely excruciating and terminal condition that left him for all time unequipped for carrying on with a noble human life. So as to help Sampedro in ending it all, Maneiro was achieving her commitments under utilitarianism. Sampedro anticipated an existence of fulfillment and least afflict ion. In any case, his quadriplegic state couldn't let him live such a real existence. Having lived with Sampedro for a long time, Maneiro comprehended his circumstance and encounters. Also, Sampedro kindly asked for a conclusion to his agonizing life. Maneiro couldn't turn down these supplications given the way that she knew him and comprehended his anguish. It would have been merciless and harsh for Maneiro to divert down such requests from an enduring man. As per the necessities for sympathy, an individual ought to collaborate and follow the requests of an enduring individual. Also, Sampedro has moral rights to request a finish of his life. Also, Maneiro has the ethical right of helping someone conquer the enduring in his life. The two people reserve an option to pick unreservedly and not deliver hurt in each other’s life. Sampedro showed explicitly that he needed a conclusion to his life. The privilege of free decisions incorporated the option to end one’s life when important. Furthermore, an individual needs to select to take his life (Manning 17). As I would like to think, Maneiro decided to regard the desires of Sampedro to take his life. Adversaries of the activities taken by Maneiro contend that the general public has a privilege to ensure the life of anyone. This implies Maneiro neglected to secure the life of Sampedro. Also, they express that Maniero ought to have assumed a job in safeguarding the life of Sampedro. Along these lines, helping Sampedro in ending it all damages the basic jobs and obligations of regarding and saving life. This implies that a general public resolved to secure and safeguard life ought not crush it (Manning 21).â  â

Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Destitution - Essay Example Being in an alternate position anyway obscures the crowd that can't see what neediness implies. Class additionally assumes a critical job in the exposition as the storyteller utilizes ownership to characterize neediness. Regardless of whether social or financial class, individuals in a given class are portrayed by ownership that individuals from lower classes may not bear the cost of serenely and the storyteller utilizes powerlessness to manage the cost of clothing to impart the article’s subject of destitution. She connects herself with a poor class that can't manage the cost of the sort of fabric and discloses this to the crowd as a way to deal with clarifying her neediness. The idea of class is likewise noteworthy to the essay’s subject since it built up distinction in leaving norms towards meaning of neediness. Individuals in higher classes, regardless of whether social or financial, considers a ton of components in life, for example, sanitation and the storyteller utilizes this by recognizing her poor state of being filthy and having scents. The narrator’s utilization of these class-based variables conveys the importance of class as the essay’s topic of neediness (Nazario, Borchers and Lewis 323). Criticalness of class in the article reaches out past building up a reason for characterizing the center subject, neediness, and encourages comprehension of purposes behind industriousness of destitution in the general public. ... Utilizing this idea, the storyteller clarifies that needy individuals wake up in their equivalent state day by day, a condition that isn't solid. He further notes that this condition is perpetual and this distinguishes the idea of stability across social classes. Hugeness of class in the article is additionally recognizable from the narrator’s view of the purposes behind determination of destitution among certain classes in the general public. While the poor class doesn't care for the condition, in spite of tolerating it as a major aspect of their lives, instruments to destroying destitution are not available to them. Further, the devices are accessible among different classes yet individuals from these classes are not quick to utilize these devices or help their application by individuals from the poor classes. The storyteller additionally partner the instruments with monetary assets, for example, cash that are increasingly constrained among individuals from poor classes that different individuals from the general public. In this application, the exposition recognizes the significance of class in continuing presence of destitution in the general public (Nazario, Borchers and Lewis 323). The idea of class likewise assumes a critical job in the essay’s ID of the situation of the poor in the general public. Class recognizes mediocrity of the poor who comes up short on a voice to represent them and capacity to fulfill their necessities as individuals from different classes would. In view of the idea of the kind of life that individuals have adjusted in various classes, the storyteller distinguishes the sort of food that she, and as far as anyone knows different individuals from her poor class, expends with a clinical intricacy and this implies the entanglement is constrained to needy individuals who can't bear the cost of elevated requirement slims down. Class additionally decides the sort of treatment that individuals get in the general public. The rich can contend and examine

Health Professional Interact with Individuals

Question: What is prime reality? What is the idea of our general surroundings? What is a person? What befalls an individual at death? For what reason is it conceivable to know anything by any stretch of the imagination? How would we realize what is good and bad? What is the importance of mankind's history? Answer: Presentation Medicinal services arrangement ought to be unprejudiced of strict conviction and confidence particularly in the territories that are advanced with respect to the religion. In this manner a human services supplier is required to have enough information about the strict perspectives on the patient so they can execute their undertakings and obligations without penetrating the strict convictions and perspectives on the patient. Various investigations uncovered that the religion assume a significant job in the recuperation of the sickly individual (Argyle Beit-Hallahmi, 2014). On the off chance that the strict view are solid, at that point it could be a wellspring of expectation among a pool of misfortune and can help in the fortifying the desire of a person to defeat the infection and recapture the people unique wellbeing. This solid have faith in religion and firm strict perspectives can be enormous piece of relieving of a weak person. There are a few contrasts present among the Hindu and Christian perspectives on medicinal services matter.Main disparity between two of the religions is Christianity is Abrahamic while Hinduism is Dharmic (Kurien, 2015). There are different religions that are Abrahamic religion like Judaism and Islam (Ahmed Kessler, 2016). These religions likewise follow solid wellbeing sees like the Christian religion. Anyway the principle reason for this report is to investigate the correlation of the way of thinking of the arrangement of human services of the Christian and Hinduism in detail. The report additionally examine about the quantity of inquiry upon the examination of the Christian and Hindu religion. The Prime Reality The trust and confidence in the God the Father, the child Jesus and the Holy Spirit is one of the principle mainstays of the Christian precept (Smeaton, 2016). All of three are together called trinity. It is obligatory for all Christian to do the love of the Father through the child. The first truth is that the Christian establishment has its base tied down to a specific confidence that is the demise and the restoration of Christ and the arrangement of him as the missing connection between the God, the Father and the humankind (Migliore, 2014). The Christian conviction that the leader of the whole universe is the God and the God is a definitive individual who has given each one life (Debord, 2012). All what is considered as malevolent including the malady and enduring are accepted by the Christian as the aftereffect of the fight between the God and the fallen heavenly attendants (Lienesch, 2014). It is accepted that the fallen heavenly attendants are once used to be on the decency th at is before the inevitable misleading of the principal human. While the religion of the Hinduism has its based tied down to a total dedication to the differing God and Goddesses. In this regard it ought to be noticed that Hinduism is available for three centuries before the idea of Christianity resulted in these present circumstances world (Walls, 2015). In the early occasions it was regular wonder in the religion of Hinduism to revere a differing quantities of Gods in as indicated by the individual needs and the season. In the cutting edge times additionally the custom is as yet stuck by then. Anyway unique segment of Hinduism have created after some time prompting the arrangement of the enhancement in the conviction of Gods. The Gods of Hindus are physical not normal for Christianity. A huge segment of Hindus have trust in Atman that is God is most importantly and can be resurrected in some creature who are sacrosanct like the cows and monkeys. Hindus love symbols (Aarathi Shah, 2015) and any type of icon revere is a wrongdoing for Christian (Baker, 2016). The Nature of the World To the Christian the world and every one of its occupants are made by the God. The entire story of the creation is described in Genesis, which is the principal book present in the Holy Bible, it expresses that the people are given the authority over all the occupants of the world. In the perspective on the Christian the illnesses and the enduring that are devastating the world are the results of the transgressions of Adams and Eve, who are considered as the guardians of all person. As the human are physical being and along these lines the world where they exist is physical too and consequently the sickness are additionally physical. The Protestants and the Catholics accept that all person are humans and are the impermanent occupants of the world. The confidence of the Mosaic Law abiders rest upon the hypothesis of the progress of a physical being into otherworldliness in the afterlife. The Christian accept that regardless of the explanation of the passing be sickness or mishap, the d emise is acquired the world by the presence of a fiendishness being on the planet and there remains the significance of the petition in Christianity. Conversely some segment of the Hindus accept that the world is physical yet the vast majority of the old Hindu groups have an alternate and a solid position that the world and the wrongdoings present in it are hallucination and edification can disregarded all these deception. The principle accept of the Hindus is that each person should attempt do well to other people with the goal that they can get away from the birth and resurrection cycle that continues forever (Widgery, 2016). As per the folklore of the Hindus the world is the obligation reimbursement place for the transgressors and the affliction and maladies that contribute the life are intended to patch the ways of wrong-doing in the previous existence. What is a Human Being? As per the Christian accept the Human being are the main animals who are made in the picture of their maker (Linzey, 2016) and they accept that on the off chance that they can keep their Christian confidence they will one day be brought together with their lord and get forever. Anyway it is diverse for the Hindu adherents since they accept that they are dozing divine beings who are hanging tight for the illumination and arousing (Linzey, 2016). This illumination can be accomplished after the full reimbursement of the Karmic outcomes through resulting rebirth and sufferings. What befalls an individual at death? The Hindus need to kick the bucket and restore a few times as long as they are obliged with karma and on the off chance that this obligation isn't clear, at that point it is extremely hard to accomplish Moksha (Chandra, 2016). The Hindus accept that they are given the errand of execution of the great deeds while they are alive with the goal that edification can be accomplished by them in the afterlife. Then again the conviction of the Christian is they will be restored at the time happening to their rescuer. For what reason is it Possible to know anything by any stretch of the imagination? The Christians accept that the God is inescapable, transcendent and all knowing. As the Christians accept that they are made in the picture of God. So it might be conceivable that the human acquired a portion of the attributes from the maker in insignificant characteristics. The knowledge and insight that help the human to administer the earth are the attributes that the human acquired from the maker. The Genesis story likewise expresses that about the snake, the illegal natural product, and it is felt that the principal people have opened the human potential concerning the information on the shrouded mysteries'. Therefore, the covered information present in the Garden of Eden had made the descendants of Adam and Eve more acquainted than some other animals. While Hindus view themselves as little divine beings. In this manner, they have full data of their surroundings. So it no supernatural occurrence that they seek after human services from other educated little divine beings that is the clinical specialists. It is likewise accepted by them that their resulting resurrections make them from one move to the next in the information and insight stepping stool of life and toward the end an advancement will be accomplished by them through achieving illumination that is a definitive advance of each data and the unceasing presence in the domain of the profound world. Anyway the truth of the matter is that there is a similarity between the convictions of Hindu and the development of human that is an individual can be resurrected into a lesser being. The Knowledge of Right and Wrong The perspective on Christians on the information on good and bad starts from the Garden of Eden. The illegal organic product eaten by Eve flagged the beginning of the human information on understanding what is acceptable and fiendish. Moreover, the Christians were conviction to be made in the maker's picture, which earned them the privilege of the great and shrewdness information. In the Holy Bible there are various stories that repeat the adoration for God for people. Interestingly the conviction of Hindus states it is qualified for them by right that they know great and underhandedness. As they are the Atmans part, they are the Supreme Being, and the kindred god, and their extraordinary presence in re-manifestations and illuminations empowers them to a truce over every natural arrangement including the great and the insidiousness. This solid convictions enable them to maintain a strategic distance from the shrewdness including terrible wellbeing. The Meaning of Human History It is accepted by the Christians that Jesus Christ is their guardian angel, climbed to the heaven to make homes for his devotees. As indicated by Christians, the mankind's history make them for the future forever in the sky. Interestingly, Hindus accept that they are a piece of the mankind's history. Their conviction is that they will shape mankind's history for whatever length of time that they are caught in the resurrection circle. Additionally, they can interpret the mankind's history to discover pieces of information on the best way to carry on with an upright life that will bring about culmination of Karma obligation and the inevitable fulfillment of edification. Basic Common Components in all Religions with Healthcare Implications 1. Supplications The Christians are connected to their maker through supplication. They can request anything from their maker and it will be given to them. This can incorporate the looking for of heavenly intercession for their wellbeing conditions. Petitions, ceremonies and supplications to the wiped out is an indication of affection, particularly when led by a

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Reflection Paper - Essay Example In addition, the composing abilities and basic reasoning is additionally upgraded. Papers as a rule require a top to bottom comprehension of a specific topic. This encourages the understudy to do a broad research, henceforth, the understudy gets the opportunity to become familiar with the theme, and this likewise helps in upgrading the perception over the topic. Prior to composing a paper, it is constantly desirable over do some conceptualizing over the theme which is relied upon to be secured. Conceptualizing causes an understudy to consider new ideas, which means thinking from every conceivable part of a theme. Understudies frequently compose papers to improve their comprehension in the fields they are now keen on. Along these lines, they get the opportunity to do broad research. Frequently, great papers get distributed. One concocts one of a kind thoughts, musings and contentions while composing a paper. These ideas are then assembled intelligently, in a legitimate and justifiable way. Composing a decent paper enables an understudy to make progress in the understudy profession and in future. Composing papers enables an understudy to build up a great deal of aptitudes (Education Essays, 2011). From an early age, the instructors set up their understudies to confront the difficulties of quickly evolving world. Kids are relied upon to step through some normalized examinations, for example, the Galileo and the AIMS, this aides in evaluating uplifted abilities of an understudy. Also, at whatever point an understudy is keen on thoughts, he will peruse, and when he needs to express something and needs to get his hypothesis over, he will compose. This is one reason why understudies compose papers, they need to convey the desired information. At an early age, understudies are relied upon to compose so they get enough space to communicate things which can't be transparently examined out in the open. This probably won't be the situation consistently. Jargon, articulations, mind force, information, and basic reasoning are honed when an understudy composes. At a college level, papers are relied upon to be composed by understudies basically to get an in

Evaluative Essay Topics - What They Are And How To Use Them

Evaluative Essay Topics - What They Are And How To Use ThemEvaluative essay topics are used to determine the underlying theme of a particular essay. They should provide the key aspects of the topic, and they will help you create the best possible essay for your intended audience.The first thing to keep in mind when choosing evaluative essay topics is that you should use a topic that has already been covered by several other writers. This is one way to make sure that the topic you choose will be easy to read for people who have read it before.It's important to remember that the purpose of evaluating a piece of writing is to give the reader an idea of what they can expect. Not only that, but it's also a good way to understand what kind of writing style the writer intends to employ.One way to get an idea of the main focus of evaluative essay topics is to read several pieces of essay that are written by the same author, then compare them side by side. If they vary substantially in tone a nd content, you'll know that they are indeed different writers.It's also important to choose topics that you feel are most applicable to your target audience. You don't want to write a piece for a high school student who is also going off to college, after all. On the other hand, if you are writing an essay for an academic audience, it's important to write for them in the most productive way possible.In addition to this, another important things to keep in mind is the length of the essay. You want it to be brief, so that you can easily prepare and deliver it.As much as possible, keep the piece to about 500 words, and don't worry too much about the length of the piece if it's a big project. Besides, if you can be flexible with the length, you can get away with shorter pieces in order to fit them into the allotted time frame.Another important thing to remember is that the topic should be based on something that the author has seen, felt, or read already. This is not a very difficult c oncept to grasp, and you will find that readers will be more willing to engage in conversation with you if they know you have already used the material in previous pieces. Keep in mind the goals of the piece, as well as the rules of this topic and you'll be able to produce an engaging essay with little to no effort.

Trusting the Narrator in Lolita - Literature Essay Samples

â€Å"At the time I felt I was losing contact with reality† – How far can we believe and trust the narrator in ‘Lolita’? The reality of ‘Lolita’ may differ from the narrative of Humbert Humbert, simply because there is no alternative or neutral version of events from which to disprove such a conclusion. Lolita has no voice in the novel so it is difficult to judge whether she is victim or lover. As narrator, Humbert has free reign to select as little or as much of the real information, perhaps depending on how agreeably it portrays him. Moreover, as murderer, paedophile and frequenter of asylums, there is arguably a basic human principle not to trust such a person. Especially as this is somebody who is not realistic, who longs for entry to his sexual fantasy world, and who becomes creative and intellectually alive when in jail, shut away from reality. Through Humbert’s prose comes an intellect, knowledge of literature, linguistic virtuosi ty and love for Lolita, that combine to characterise a most untypical villain. He is likeable and humorous to the extent that, at times, there can appear to be very little reason to disbelieve our narrator. Through the powerful and ornate text produced when awaiting trial, the possibility of the narrator being untrustworthy can seem either very unlikely, or just poorly disguised. It may also be that assessing our trust of the narrator translates as questioning our trust of Nabokov. Humbert’s language can be strange, ornate, virtuosic and even persuasive all at the same time. â€Å"Light of my life, fire of my loins† is perhaps the most quoted phrase from ‘Lolita’. Its poetic balance of four syllables each side of the comma, and ‘life’ being a Humbertian pseudonym for penis, mean that both quartets are the same, despite a superficial difference. This phrase encapsulates the constant tensions of perverse lust versus eloquence, reality versus ap pearance. Similarly, â€Å"The tip of the tongue taking a trip of three steps down the palate to tap, at three, on the teeth† continues the coronal alliteration with ‘t’ instead of ‘l’ as well as ‘f’, drawing attention to an organ used to kiss (lust), as well as speak (eloquence). Humbert’s style possesses a seductive-yet-disturbing brilliance. As the narrator declares, â€Å"You can always count on a murderer for a fancy prose style.† In fact, literary prowess is probably not a common trait of murderers. Nabokov suggests, â€Å"Style, structure, imagery (sic) should never distract the reader from his tepid lust.† Humbert is an obsessive paedophile with a flair for writing. But when a morally dubious topic such as paedophilia is mediated through dazzling verbal pyrotechnics , Humbert can come across as both trustworthy and believable. Humbert’s narrative continues to destabilise the reader. The explanation of Humbert’s love for young girls is that his childhood girlfriend died before they could have sexual intercourse. Intertextually alluding to Poe’s poem ‘Annabel Lee’, it’s as if Humbert is only augmenting ideas already present in literature. Elsewhere, he refers to Dantà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s nine-year old Beatrice, and Petrarch’s twelve-year old â€Å"nymphet† Laureen. By associating paedophilia with the underpinning writers of Western culture, perhaps doubts ought to be raised over our ‘humble’ ideas of morality and normality, as well as showing how ethical systems are merely context-dependent. There is further defamiliarisation as well as more poetic fanciness in describing his own thoughts: â€Å"I am thinking of aurochs and angels, the secret of durable pigments, prophetic sonnets, the refuge of art†. As with Poe or Dantà ©, heaven, prophecy and art are not usually associated with paedophiles. The overall effect, howev er, is a series of rather anxious justifications by Humbert, trying in vain to romanticise and defamiliarise paedophilia. Humbert’s references to literature persist, with a special regard to French. â€Å"Nous connà »mes, to use a Flaubertian interpretation†¦Nous connà »mes (this is royal fun).† There are refences to Flaubert and Proust throughout the novel, the latter famous for ‘A la rà ©cherche du temps perdu’, a story of love and art. It may be that by referring to Flaubert, Humbert is simply trying to further enhance a veneer of romance surrounding his paedophilia. Like his protagonist, Nabokov was a French literature expert, and an à ©migrà © writer living in America. Other works are autobiographical such as ‘Look at the Harlequins!’ (1974) and ‘Pnin’ (1957) which mirrors Navokov’s life in a similar way to ‘Lolita’. Significantly, Pnin is a gormless, ridiculous figure who fails to adapt to Wes tern culture, not like the intellectual, seductively eloquent image of Vladimir Nabokov, delivered via Humbert Humbert. So not only do the citations of French writing create a romantically academic guise of Humbert, but give substance to an autobiographical reading where the author has created a veneer in order to mislead the reader. Whilst ‘Lolita’ can be interpreted autobiographically, Nabokov declares, â€Å"It is childish to study a work of fiction in order to gain information about†¦the author†. It can thus be disputed that autobiographical readings cannot be definite, or help us to determine the believability of Humbert. The narrator’s use of French language can also be deceptive. As well as the presence of much French phraseology used in English, such as â€Å"chà ©ri†Ã‚ ¸ Humbert includes many uncommon ones, â€Å"Eh bien, pas du tout!† and â€Å"quel mot!† among them. And whilst on the subject of love, his â€Å"romant ic soul gets all clammy and shivery at the thought of running into some awful, indecent unpleasantness†¦ ‘Mais allez-y, allez-y!’ † Firstly, the unpleasantness is one of sexual etiquette and completely bypasses the much more important moral unpleasantness, evoking a disagreeable image of our narrator. Secondly, this is further evidence of Nabokov defamiliarising the paedophile, through abnormal associations: the clichà ©d connotations of romance through French are supposed to paint a passionate rather than perverted, image of Humbert, particularly as he slips instinctively into the language when in the process of describing his passionate struggle. In addition, Humbert is critical of Charlotte using â€Å"that awful French†; meanwhile Lolita requests, â€Å"Do you mind very much cutting out the French?† The irony here of Humbert’s hypocrisy presents someone unable to self-criticise and face reality, and who cannot therefore be totally t rusted. Beneath veneers, there is arguably misogyny. Humbert sees women-girls-Lolita as objects of sexual desire, and thus he is not the paternal, benevolent kind of narrator he might seem on the surface. â€Å"Lo-lee-ta.† The breaking-up of the word here mimics the way Humbert has broken-up/destroyed his stepdaughter. Elsewhere he refers to her as â€Å"waif†, â€Å"slave-child†, and â€Å"wagging her tiny tail, her whole behind in fact as little bitches do†. Suggestions of a non-mutual, non-loving relationship form a structure that begins with ‘love’ – â€Å"light of my life† – and ends with realisation – â€Å"what have I done with your life?† The trust of the reader gradually decreases. Lolita’s prototype Annabel has â€Å"honey-coloured skin† because she is an object to Humbert, something sweet he can consume. Her, â€Å" ‘thin arms’, ‘big bright mouth’, ‘l ong lashes’, ‘brown bobbed hair’,† show Humbert as a lover of the youthful female physique; a feminist critic would argue that he sees women, especially â€Å"nymphets† as nothing more than servants to his libido, and worse still, he blames his crimes on Annabel, and thus on women. Similarly, he describes Lolita â€Å"rising on the pedals to work them lustily† and â€Å"dipping her hand into the nether anatomy of a lamp table†. By characterising non-sexual activities in a sexual light, Humbert seems incapable of escaping the narrow mind of his paedophilic, often misogynistic obsessions. There is phallic imagery in addition: â€Å"†¦mountains; bluish beauties never attainable†¦sky piercing snow-veined grey colossi of stone†, and even in the murder scene, â€Å"I pulled out my automatic†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Furthermore, this plethora of sexual connotations that leaks sub-consciously through the language reveals Humbert’s true misogynistic intentions; the trust between reader and narrator is rapidly breaking down. Virginia Woolf once said, â€Å"The sound of his own voice was dearer to him than the voice of humanity in its anguish.† (Although a comment on Joseph Conrad, it is similarly applicable to Humbert, and arguably Nabokov.) Fancy prose and sexual innuendo are cherished more by Humbert than Lolita’s well-being. He is morally corrupt, and the poetic veneers applied to disguise this should not be believed by the reader. In complete contrast, Humbert can be seen as a pawn in the game of Lolita’s sexual desires, thus a victim of female manipulation; Lolita is empowered by her stepfather’s obsessions and desires. He admits, â€Å"(I) forget all my masculine pride – and literally crawl on my knees to your chair, my Lolita!† And so perhaps the paedophile is as innocent as he makes out; Lolita is mischievously playing mind games with an easy target, driving h im crazy: â€Å"Don’t think I can go on†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Moreover, the narrative is void of forceful language that would suggest a rape has been committed, for example, â€Å"I gave her to hold in her awkward fist the sceptre of my passion.† Lolita should not be seen as entirely innocent, indeed she had a voluntary sexual experience at Camp Q; Freud argued that children are in fact â€Å"polymorphously perverse†. Therefore her â€Å"rising on the pedals to work them lustily† is not Humbert’s sexual narrow mindedness, but Lolita’s flirtatious provocation; she is his mistress. Thus Humbert’s account can be interpreted as realistic. Much less realistic is Humbert’s attempt to justify his paedophilia by some sort of artistic philosophy. He claims, â€Å"Passionately, I hoped to find preserved the portrait of the artist as a younger brute.† This allusion to James Joyce supports the idea that Humbert feels the need to turn his a ctions and life into a work of art. He is said to have found ‘Ulysses’ obscene, and for this reason he refrains from pornographic explicicity. Humbert tries to present himself as nothing more than an appreciator of the female form and juvenile beauty, that is simply an unconventional aesthetic. His intentions are not erotic or sexual, but aesthetic ones. Thus he is arguably a character we can trust, and only a mysoginistic child-abuser by circumstance. According to Humbert, â€Å"Sex is but the ancilla of art.† Bearing in mind these arguments, the narrative may not be a reliable reflection of reality, especially with no alternative account. Humbert can be seen as out of touch with reality, obsessive and lunatic. As the novel progresses, so it seems does Humbert’s breakdown, and the coherency of his narrative, which can only be realised by analysing a longer passage: â€Å"A hazy blue view beyond railings on a mountain pass, and the backs of a family enjoy ing it (with Lo in a hot, happy, wild, intense, hopeful, hopeless whisper – ‘Look, the McCrystals, please, let’s talk to them please?’ – let’s talk to them reader! – ‘please! I’ll do anything you want, oh, please†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢). † Indian ceremonial dances, strictly commercial. ART: American Refrigerator Transit Company. Obvious Arizona, pueblo dwellings, aboriginal pictographs, a dinosaur track in a desert canyon, printed there thirty-nine million years ago, when I was a child. A lanky, six-foot, pale boy with an active Adam’s apple, ogling Lo and her orange-brown bare midriff, which I kissed five minutes later, Jack.†Humbert’s usual eloquence has expired, with a sense of streaming consciousness and bewildering syntax; his ‘hazy view’ is shared by the reader. It is unlikely, but could be Nabokov parodying such psychological ideas of mental breakdown and consciousness, particularly wi th ‘ART’ nothing more than a refrigerator company. Indeed, there are other moments of wit such as when Miss Cormorant calls him six different names – variants of Humbert – in one encounter, and the school Lolita attends is humorously called St. Algebra. Moreover, the aforementioned ‘Pnin’ is a parody of a Russian academic’s struggle to adapt to American culture, making gaffes like, â€Å"When in glass houses, do not kill two birds with one stone†. But parody is probably the wrong interpretation, as Humbert goes on to admit, â€Å"I felt I was merely losing contact with reality.† And upon â€Å"psycho-analysing this poem, I notice it is really a maniac’s masterpiece,† he says of ‘Wanted, Wanted: Dolores Haze’. Moreover, three years pass in a couple of chapters, so the narrator is clearly out of touch with time. He also confesses, â€Å"Don’t think I can go on. Heart, head – everyth ing. Lolita†¦Ã¢â‚¬  repeating her name eight times. Overall, there is a sense of Humbert being disconnected from the real world. Distrust of Humbert may simply come from the fact he is a criminal, and sometimes represents a sort of lunatic. It is hard to believe the innocence of a man who is a murderer, paedophile and frequenter of asylums, and writing the ‘Confession of a White Widowed Male’. The paranoia of losing Lolita plagues Humbert. â€Å"I know every name in your group†¦I have a complete student list with me†¦I have the Beardsley directory with me too.† There is an impression given of an obsessive-compulsive madman, yet perhaps this neuroticism is justified by the revelation that Quilty stalked and then took Lolita. Humbert’s guilt is made clear through the fact that he â€Å"died in legal captivity†, and uses courtroom language such as â€Å"Ladies and gentlemen of the jury,† and â€Å"exhibit number one†¦Ã¢â‚ ¬  However, this confessional style is completely overwhelmed by the fanciness of his prose. Intertextually reminiscent is the confessional style of Alex in ‘A Clockwork Orange’, which is similarly overwhelmed by the language of Nadsat. In prison, Humbert is free; the constraints of realism, temptation and addiction have been removed. There are echoes here of Paul Pennyfeather escaping reality in ‘Decline and Fall’, and Maupassant’s Walter Schnaffs who yearns to be in prison to escape the realities of war. Humbert’s creativity flourishes whilst in prison because, shut-off from reality, he feels at home. As the narrator has been cut off from the real world, his narrative is probably just as unrealistic. But, arguably, Humbert’s inability to cope whilst he was in the real world encourages sympathy from the reader. Humbert seems to be a victim of the temptations of the real world. Through analysing his language, he is quite aware of the sins he commits. The ‘apple’ motif is prominent: â€Å"where lay the brown core of an apple†, â€Å"as she strained to chuck the abolished core of her apple into the fender,† â€Å"musical and apple-sweet†. Lolita’s apple might be a symbol of temptation, alluding to original sin: â€Å"But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die†. Eden-like imagery persists with â€Å"all thighs and fig leaves†, which appropriately links nudity and sin, and when living a life of debauchery in Paris Humbert mentions â€Å"the mirror reflecting our small Eden.† Freudian psychoanalysis might argue that these biblical tones and imagery of temptation that subconsciously leak through the text reveal Humbert’s guilty conscience, and not the ‘innocence’ the reader is led to believe. An alternative, yet still ‘biblicalâ₠¬â„¢ image of Lolita is given: â€Å"She moved like a fair angel among three horrible Boschian apples.† This suggestion that Lolita is angelically sacred is probably an exaggeration of her innocence, but emphasises the need for the reader to see Humbert as guilty of falling into temptation. Despite such an unusual and morally dubious situation, it would be unreasonable not to read ‘Lolita’ as a love story, as that it is exactly what Humbert’s narrative is. It is interesting that the two major films of ‘Lolita’ have both presented the story precisely as Humbert tells it, whilst most literary criticism of the novel takes the opposite view that the reality deviates from the first-person narrative we are given. Evidence for Humbert being in love with Lolita, and not just a paedophile, is that he is utterly besotted with her even after she is no longer a young girl. He outpours, â€Å"there she was with her ruined looks and her adult, rope-veined, hands and her goose-flesh white arms and her shallow ears, and her unkempt armpits, there she was (my Lolita!), hopelessly worn at seventeen, with that baby, dreaming already in her of becoming a big shot and retiring around 2020 A.D. – and I looked and looked at her, and knew as clearly as I know I am to die, that I loved her more than anything I had ever seen or imagined on earth, or hoped for anywhere else.†Despite her ageing, looking worn and less pretty, Humbert still loves her. On the one hand, Humbert’s conception of love may not correspond to a conventional and acceptable one. On the other hand, he has disposed of paedophilic obsessions somewhat. Even after he has gone to jail and begun writing up his confessional, she is the â€Å"Light of my life, fire of my loins,† he says. Clearly, their relationship lacks the equality or mutuality that we associate with classic love stories of which ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is the flagship example. At one point Lolita even accuses Humbert of raping her – whether this can be seen as a genuine accusation or a playful, childish retort is unclear. In fact it is the inequality that makes the love story; Lolita is suffering from an Electra complex of sorts: she had a volatile, competitive relationship with her mother, and is in love with her stepfather. Therefore it might not be totally unrealistic to accept that the love story Humbert is telling is true. The reader has much evidence with which to question Humbert’s storytelling – a one-sided first-person narrative, Humbert’s attempt to disguise his awfulness with fancy prose, self-delusion and unrealism, hidden implications of Lolita’s abuse, and suggestions of sexually obsessed misogynist. It is certainly hard to argue that the narrator should be totally trusted. Ian McEwan shows how there is deliberate uncertainty and a sense of ‘what actually happened to Lolita?’ through his own chara cter Lola. As ‘the truth’ is searched, Nabokov considers more important the way to tell a beautiful story, and narrative manipulation. Purposely, Nabokov leaves the reality or truth of ‘Lolita’ completely open to interpretation, as if the principle of the thing is far more important.